Powder filling apparatus



Sept. 7, 1948. D. D. PEEBLES ETAL 2,443,733

POWDER FILLING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 20, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Oil/0 Q PfffiL [1 ATTO RN EY Sept. 1948. D. D. PEEBLES ETAL 2,448,733

POWDER FILLING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 20, 1943 5;;Sheet's-Sheet 2 BYWAQW ATTORNEY P 1948. D. D. PEEBLES EI'AL 2,448,733

POWDER FILLING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 20, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 I ll ATTOIZNEY 32 F1 IE E 33 BY 61/ 1. l/[MiE/T I 95 92 Sept. 7, 1948. D. D. PEEBLES EIAL 2,448,733

POWDER FILLING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 20, 1943 5 Sheets- -Sheet 4 ATTO 52M EY Sept. 7, 1948. D. D. PEEBLES ET AL 2,448,733

POWDER FILLING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 20, 1943 FJLE L E BY W /7/ /72 m ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 7, 1948 POWDER FILLING APPARATUS David D. Peebles, Hillsborough, and Guy P. Hensley, San Francisco, Calif., assignors to Golden State Company, Ltd.,'San Francisco, Calif., a corporation of Delaware Application September 20, 1943, Serial No. 503,082

1 10 Claims.

This invention relates generally to a paratus for the filling of containers with predetermined quantities of various powdered materials, such as dried milk products and the like.

A general object of the invention is to provide filling apparatus of the above character having novel provision for automatic control of the powder flow, to secure a relatively accurate predetermined weight of material within the container.

Another object of the invention is to provide novel means for controlling certain operations automatically in conjunction with introduction and removal of the container from the vacuum chamber. In this connection the invention is characterized by having certain parts operated by movement of the door or closure for the container.

Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus of the above character having novel provision for removing air from the container while powder is introduced into the same, but without loss of powder which may tend to be entrained in the air.

Additional objects and features of the invention will appear from the-following description in which the preferred embodiment has been set forth in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawing.

Referring to the drawing- Figure 1 is a front elevational view showing a machine incorporating the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view taken along the lines 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a side elevational view, in section, and on an enlarged scale.

Figure 4 is an end elevational view chine.

Figure 5 is a cross sectional view taken along the lines 5-5 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary view of a part of the machine.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary rear view of the machine.

Figure 8 is a circuit diagram showing electrical connections employed.

Figure 9 is a side elevational viewshowing an of the ma upper portion of a modified machine incorporating the present invention.

Figure 10 is a plan view of the modified machine, shown in Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a detail illustrating the additional solenoid employed with the modification of Figures 9 and 10, and which serves to operate the vacuum control valve independently of the powder control valve.

Figure 12 is a detail showing substantially the same parts as Figure 11, but looking towards the right-hand end of Figure 11.

Figure 13 is another circuit diagram showing suitable electrical connections for the embodiment of Figures 9 to 12 inclusive.

The machine as illustrated in the drawing consists generally of a chamber I0, which is adapted to receive the container orcarton to be filled. In this instance the chamber is in the form of a simple rectangular box, including the side walls ll, back wall I2, and the top and bottom walls i3 and I 4 (Fig. 3). The front open face of the chamber is provided with a door i6, having a flanged edge I! for engaging and sealing upon the adjacent face of the chamber. Before proceeding with a detailed description of the parts associated with the chamber l0, it can be pointed out that this chamber and the parts attached to the same are supported by a base upon the movable platform I8 of the weighing scales i9- The type of weighing means employed can vary in different instances depending upon the size and character of chamber l0 and the size of container being filled. In conjunction with the upper part of the chamber (Figure 3) a hose 2| makes a connection through valve 22 with a powder filling tube or pipe 23. Hose 2i leads to the lower portion of a hopper or storage tank containing the powder to be introduced into the containers. Valve 22 controls the flow of powder to the filling pipe 23, and this pipe in turn introduces the powder into the container.

The door It has mounting means whereby it moves between open and closed positions, and this mounting means preferably maintains the door parallel to the front face of the chamber Ill. The mounting means in this instance includes a vertical shaft 26, which is iournaled by brackets 21 attached to the chamber. Upper and lower arms 28 and 29 are attached to shaft 26, and trunnions 3i and 32, mounted upon the door, provide pivotal connections with the door on a vertical axis. Pinions 33 and 34 are attached to the lower ends of shaft 28 and to trunnion 32 respectively. A'segmented gear 36 is plvotally auavss mounted upon arm 29 by pin 31, and at diametswung between open and closed positions, by-

grasping the handle 38, it is kept in a plane parallel to the face of the chamber, and is caused to swing about the axis of shaft 26.

As previously explained the filling tube 23 introduces powder into a container placed within the chamber Ill-and this tube extends downwardly through the top wall i3. To prevent'possible clogging oi powder within this tube, it is provided with agitating means preferably in the form of a feed screw 4|. The upper end of feed screw 4| is shown provided with a coupling 42 to the shaft 43, and this shaft in turn is surrounded by stuiling gland 44. The upper exterior end of shaft 43 is shown provided with a. coupling 46 to the electric motor 41. Thus the feed screw 4| is driven at a relatively rapid speed when the motor is energized. The current supply to the motor 41 is controlled by the relay or switch box 41a, and this in turn is controlled by a. mercury switch 41b mounted upon the rotatable operating member of powder control valve 22 (Fig. 3). Therefore the motor is operated only during intervals when valve 22 is open.

The lower portion of the powder filling pipe 23 includes the pipe section 23a, which is surrounded by the sleeve couplin 48. Thus an annular space 49 is formed between sleeve 48 and the pipe section 23a, which is connected to the evacuating pipes 5|, and which is in communication with the upper portion of chamber Hi.

It will be evident that the container to be filled will vary as to form in different instances. However in this instance the container 52 illustrated is of simple rectangular type, formed of sheet metal, and provided with a top wall 53 having a circular opening 54. During a filling operation the entire container is raised upwardly as will be presently explained,.and after a filling operation it is dropped downwardly for removal. When the container is urged upwardly a seal is formed between the top wall 53 and the top wall I3 the chamber, to avoid escape of powder. Thus for this purpose a ring 56 of suitable material such as medium soft rubber, is disposed upon the lower face of the top wall l3, and is retained in place by metal ring 51. The raised flange 58 of the container which surrounds opening 54, is adapted to engage the ring 56.

When powder is being introduced through pipe 23 i nto a container, there is a tendency for considerable powder to become entrained with the air, and to pass out of the container togetherwith the air being withdrawn through space 49 and pipes Such powder is removed from the air stream by. a filter so constructed that at the end of the filtering operation, all powder accumulated by the filter is dislodged and returned to the container. Thus a suitable filter membrane 59 is shown stretched between ring 51 and the lower end of pipe 23, and is formed of suitable material such as a filter cloth. The inner edge of this cloth .is shown clamped to the lower end of pipe section 23a by retaining ring 6|, while the outer edge portion is shown retained by ring 62 and the outer sprin retaining ring 63. During a filling operation powder filtered from the air collects upon the lower side of cloth 59. At

the end of a filling operation when a back flowof gas occurs through the filter cloth, such collected powder is dislodged and caused to return to the container. Radially extending fingers 64 4 are shown overlying the filter cloth 58 in order to prevent collapsing of this cloth upon the wall II Reference has been made to elevating the container 52 during a filling operation. This is done automatically by means associated with the lower end of the chamber. The means illustrated for this purpose includes a cylinder 81, carried by the chamber below the bottom wall l4. Immediately above the bottom wall l4 there is a plate or platform 68, arranged to support the container 52, and which is attached to the upper end of a piston rod 59. A piston II is attached to the ,lower end of rod 88, and is fitted within cylinder 61. A pipe 12 connects with the space above piston H, and is adapted to be connected to a source of vacuum through suitable valve control means, as will be presently explained, When vacuum is applied through pipe 12, piston H is raised together with rod 89 and platform 88, to elevate container 52 to its uppermost position as shown in Figure 3.

The means provided for controlling the elevating means described above includes a vacuum control valve 16, in conjunction with a vacuum operated device ll of the diaphragm type. Valve 16 can be a simple three way plug cock, having its valve member operated by an arm 18. One.

side of this valve connects with tube 19, which in turn leads to the pipe 12 on the cylinder 81. The

other side of valve I6 connects with the hose or' pipe which in turn connects with pipe 8i through check valve 15a. Pipe 8| connects with a vacuum pump or like source of vacuum.

Device I1 simply includes a flexible diaphragm (not shown), with the mounting of this diaphragm forming a chamber on one side of the .same, while leaving the other side of the diaphragm exposed to atmospheric pressure. A pipe 82 connects the chamber of device 11 to an air filter 53, which in turn communicates with the interior of chamber In. An adjustable screw 84 constitutes part of a needle valve for regulating the degree of restriction in the communication between the chamber of device 11, and the pipe 82. Vacuum gauge 85 is shown connected to filter 83.

The diaphragm of device 11 is connected to one arm of a lever 85 (Figure 5), and this lever has a stationary fulcrum 81 to the supporting .base of the chamber Ill. The other arm of lever 86 has a pivotal connection 88 with the arm 18 of valve 18. Thus when vacuum is applied to device 1 the lever 86 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figure 5, to turn arm 78 to open valve 16, and thus cause application of suction to the cylinder 61.

In conjunction with automatic operation of valve 15 by pressure operative device I I, it is desirable to restore valve 16 to closed position by final opening movement .of the door it. This makes it possible to hold the container in an elevated position following a fillin operation, and until the door l6 has been swung completely open. For this purpose the pivot 88 of arm 18 is also connected to a link 9| (Fig. 5), which in turn has a pivotal connection 92 to the arm 93. A hub 94 forms a mounting for arm 93, and is journaled upon the shaft 26 (Fig. 1). Thus during the initial turning of shaft 25 in conjunction with opening movement of door It, arm 93 remains stationary. However eventually the lower arm 29 engages the arm 93, so that during final opening movement arm 93 is rotated in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 5, to move link 9| to the left to close the valve 10. when valve is in the closed position shown in Figure 5, communication between pipes 19 and 80 is interrupted, and tube 19 is vented to the atmosphere through a valve port (not shown).

,To control application of vacuum to the chamher I 0 and tothe container being filled with powder. a control valve 96 is provided, which also can be of the three way plug cock type as shown, with its valve member controlled by arm 91. Arm 91 is connected to operating means including the link 98, which pivotally connects with the free end of arm 99. Arm 99, together with arms IOI, I02 and I03, are fixed to a tubular shaft I04, which is Journaled upon an inner shaft I06. This assembly is disposed upon the rear side of chamber I0 (see Fig. 2) and is held by the fixed journal brackets I01 and I08. The free ends of arms IOI and I02 pivotally connect with the operating member I09 of an electrical solenoid I II of the repulsion type. Thus when solenoid I II is actuated shaft I 04 is rotated to swing arm 99, and thus turn the arm 91 of control valve 96 in a. counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 2 (i. e., from open to closed position) In conjunction with the solenoid for operating valve 96, means is provided for resetting valve 96 (to open position) responsive to closing movement of the door I6. Thus an arm II 2 is pivotally mounted concentric with the axis of the plug for valve 96, and its free end is pivotally connected to link H3. he other end of link II3 has a pivotal connection II4 with a pinion II 6. A bracket I I1 forms a mounting for pinion I I5, and the pinion is adapted to mesh with a gear'I I8, which is loosely journaled immediately above arm 28 on the shaft 25 (see Fig. 1). The upper face of gear II 8 is provided with diametrically opposed cavities II9 (Fig. 2) to afford shoulders I2I. Above the gear II8 the shaft 26 carries an arm I22, the free end of which has a downwardly urged detent or pawl I23. Assuming that the door is swung to full open position through an angle of slightly more than 180, from the position shown in Fig. 2, pawl I23 drops into that caviin, II9 farthest from the chamber, and then when the door is again swung to closed position, gear H8 is rotated /2 revolution. The ratio between gears H6 and H8 is such that for revolution of gear '8, gear H6 is rotated one complete revolution. Thus link I I3 is reciprocated to oscillate arm H2. The arm 91, which is attached to the rotary plug of valve 96, has an extension I26 carrying an abutment pin I21. When arm H2 is turned in a clockwise direction pin I21 is engaged so that such movement carries with it the arm 91. Thus arm 91 is re-set to its initial open position, after being moved to closed position by the solenoid I I I.

One side of valve 96 connects with a pipe I28, which in turn connects with a second valve I29. The other side of valve I 29 connects with pipe I3I, which can be vented to the atmosphere, but which preferably connects with a source of inert gas, such as a tank containing nitrogen gas. Valve I29 can be of conventional type provided with a spring urged valve operating'stem I32 adapted to be reciprocated between open and closed positions. The operating stem I32 is shown attached to a rod I33 which extends forwardly for connection with a swinging bar I34. The

lower end of bar I34 has a pivotal connection I36 to the bracket I31, and the upper end is loosely hose 2|.

retained for limited swinging movement by a screw or stud I38 (Fig. 4). This screw or stud is 'mounted on the upper one of the brackets 21 and its lower and extends into a slot (not shown) in an arm I 34a attached to the upper end of arm I34. Mounted upon shaft 26 there is a collar I4I, which has a projecting stud 2 ad p to ease the adjacent edge of bar I34. Collar I is set so that for the final portion of the closing movement of door I6, stud I42 engages the adjacent edge of bar I34 and moves this bar rearwardly, to open the valve I29. Conversely when the door swings to open position, during the initial portion of its movement valve I29 is automatically closed.

In connection with opening of the door I6 it may be explained that spring means is utilized in conjunction with this door so that after a filling operation and when the interior of the chamber I0 has been restored to atmospheric pressure, the doorautomatically swings open a limited amount. Such means may be one or more simple leaf springs I43 attached to the inner face of the door (Fig. 3) and adapted to engage the adjacent face of the container 52.

That side of valve 96 opposite to pipe BI (Fig. 2) is connected to a pipe I44 which in turn connects to the distribution block M411 and the distributing pipes or hoses 5Ia, 5Ib and 5Ic. Hoses 5Ia and 5Ib connect to the pipes 5I, while hose 5| 0 connects directly with the interior of chamber I0 at a point exterior of the container being filled.

Reference has been made to the valve 22, which controls admission of powder from the Forthe automatic operation of this valve its operating'stem is attached to an arm I45, the free end of which is attached to an operating link I46 (Fig. 3). The other end of link I46 is attached to arm I41, which in turn is mounted upon the shaft I06. Arms I48 and I49 arelikewise attached to shaft I06, and to the operating member I'5I of an electrical solenoid I52 more completely illustrated in Figures 7, 8 and 9. By operation of solenoid I52 shaft I06 is rocked to swing valve operating arm I in a direction to open the valve 22. As viewed in Figure 3 valve 22 is open and it is closed when arm I45 is swung in a counterclockwise direction. Shaft I06 carries an additional arm I53 which cooperates with the arm I03 on shaft I04. Arm I03 carries a shoulder or ledge which extends into the path of movement of arm I53, whereby the shafts I 06 and I 04 are locked together for The weighing scales I9 can be of conventional construction, and should have some convenient movable part for relatively sensitive operation of controlling contacts. The scales indicated are shown provided with a weighing beam I56 having the weights I51 and I58, and fulcrumed at I59 to a fixed support I 60. The movable post element I6I of the scales, which is connected to the platform, is fulcrumed to the beam at I62. Support I60 serves as a mounting for the switch I63, which has contacts for controlling the electrical circuit connections to the solenoids III and I52 and device :I66. Motion is transmitted from this beam to switch by pin or rod I 63a.

Circuit connections which can be employed are shown in Figure 8. Briefly the switch I63 in this instance is of the double pole type, having two pairs of contacts a and b. One side of contacts a connect to current supply line LI, and the other side connects to one terminal of the solenoid III. One side of contacts I) likewise connects to current supply line LI, whilethe other 1 side connects to one or the electrical contacts of a pressure responsive switch I88. This switch (see Fig. 4) has its pressure cell connected to pipe 82, which as previously explained connects to chamber I8. It can be or conventional type with a diaphragm or Sylphon tube operating a mercury switch or set of contacts. Theother contact of switch I88 connects to one terminal of solenoid I82. The two other terminals of solenoids III and I62 are shown connected together and to the other current supply line L2. With this arrangement it is evident that contacts a and b are opened and closed depending upon the position of the weighing beam I66. When no vacuum is applied to switch I88, its contacts are open. However 'when a predetermined amount of vacuum has been applied, the contacts of this device are closed. Now assuming that contacts I) of switch I68 are likewise closed, current is applied to solenoid I82. As will be presently explained this commences a powder filling operation. At the end of the powder filling operation the weighing beam I68 swings upwardly to a balanced position, indicating a predetermined weight, and this serves to open contact I) and at the same time to close contact a. Thus solenoid lll is energized. As will be presently explained energizing of solenoid III causes the powder control valve 22 to be closed and also causes closing of valve 98 to the source of vacuum with breaking of the vacuum in chamber I8 by inflow of nitrogen gas.

The operation of the apparatus and the carrying out of the method can now be reviewed as follows:

Assuming that one starts with the door I6 in full open position, a container to be filled with powder is introduced into chamber I8 to rest upon the platform 88. At this time the platform is in its lowered position with suflicient clearance above the container to .clear the ring 51. The next operation is to swing the door I8 to closed position whereby a seal can be established upon the face .of the chamber. Valve 88 is now in a position in which pipes 8| and I44 are in communication whereby the interior of the chamber and also the interior of the container are rapidly evacuated. As soon as there is an appreciable reduction of pressure within the chamber the door I8 is held shut by exterior atmospheric pressure.

While the pressure is being reduced within the chamber I8 and before it has been reduced to a value suflicient to close the contacts of device I66, the diaphragm of device I1 is moved by application of vacuum to cause motion to be transmitted through lever 86 to the arm I8 of valve 16. Such movement opens valve I6 to permit exhausting air from the cylinder 61 through pipe I9, valve I8 and suction pipe 88. Thus piston II is raised to elevate the platform 88 and to press the upper end of the container against the sealing ring 58.

As the evacuation of the chamber continues the pressure is reduced to a value ample to cause conveyance of powder from the associated powder hopper or tank and through the rubber hose 2| connected to the filling pipe 23. Pressure responsive device I88 then closes its electric contacts with the result that the opening solenoid IE2 is actuated. Actuation of this solenoid causes the valve 22 to be opened with movement of arm I58 to the position illustrated in Fi ure 3. Immediately'a stream of powder flows from hose 2| through valve 22 and downwardly through pipe 23 into the container. Some air is drawn into the container together with the powder and this air is withdrawn through the filter cloth 69, passage 48 and the evacuating hoses 6Ia and 8|b. Powder which may be entrained with the air passing through filter. cloth 68 collects upon the lower side 01 this cloth.

When the container is substantially filled with powder the added weight of this material is sumcient to balance the weighing scales with the result that movement of beam I 68 to a balanced position causes opening of switch contacts b and closing of contacts a. This causes flow 01 current through the closing solenoid III with the result that shalt I84 is rocked to swing arm 98 in a direction to turn the valve member of valve 88 to closed position. Simultaneously the shoulder on arm I88 'swings arm I53 in a clockwise direction (as viewed in Figure 3) with the result that the arm I48 0! powder control valve 22 is moved rapidly to closed position.

The porting provided in the stationary and movable parts of plug valve 98 is such that when communication between pipes 8| and I44 is interrupted, pipe I28 is placed in communication with pipe I44 whereby nitrogen gas from a source connected with pipe I28 is caused to flow back through valve 86, pipe I44, distributing block |44a and hoses 5|a, 5Ib and 5Ic into the chamber I8 and the interior of the container. It will be noted that at this time the valve I28 is held open by virtue of engagement of bar I84 with the stud I42 on collar I4I.

When the pressure within chamber III has thus been increased to substantially atmospheric the door I8 is swung to partially open position by the urge of relief springs I43. This initial opening movement permits rocking of bar I84 with transmission of motion through rod I88 and operating stem I82 to cause closing of valve I28, thus preventing further discharge of nitrogen from pipe the final portion of opening movement of the door I6 the lower arm 29 engages the arm 88 (Figure 5) and causes suflicient motion to be transmitted to valve arm I8 through link 9| to close the valve I6. Valve I6 as previously explained is ported in such a. manner that when in closed position pipe I9 is vented to the atmosphere. Therefore nnai opening movement of the door is accompanied by a venting of the elevating cylinder through pipe I9 with the result that the platform'88 together with the filled container moves downwardly to permit its removal from the chamber.

After removal of the filled container, a new empty container is inserted and the operation repeated. During closing movement of the door upon the next container, gear 8 is rotated onehalf revolution to rotate pinion 8 one complete revolution. This oscillates link H8 and arm 2 in the manner previously described to reset the valve 96 to open position with suction pipe II and pipe I44 in communication. Such resetting likewise is accompanied by swinging of arm I88 together with its shoulder in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figure 3 with the shoulder being annularly separated from the arm I88,

During a, filling cycle, that is while valve 22 remains open, motor 41 and screw 4| are in con-- auavsa After a filling cycle motor 41 and screw 4| are -stopped, thus preventing any loose powder from falling before the next filling cycle.

In place of venting the interior of the chamber with nitrogen gas at the end of a filling operation it is feasible to vent directly into the atmosphere.

However in the handling or products which are deteriorated by contact with air (i. e., powdered milk products) it is desirable to utilize a relatively inert gas. Use of an inert gas in the manner described results in substantially complete filling of the container with the inert gas so that if the container is sealed by a closure immediately after filling, practically all oxygen will be excluded.

A check valve 12a inserted in the pipe line 8| is not essential but is desirable to prevent possible lowering or the elevating device in the event of temporary failure of the source of vacuum.

It has been found that use of suction or vacuum is a highly emcient method of causing rapid fiow of powder through a rubber hose or like pipe, from a storage hopper. Powders such as dried whole milk, skim milk and the like have been handled in this manner without difiiculty with respect to clogging or caking during transit. It appears that during flow from a storage tank through the rubber hose to the point of discharge in the vacuum chamber, there is continual expansion of entrapped air associated with the powder and this continual expansion while the material is in transit prevents clogging. Likewise it appears that radial contraction and expansion of the resilient walls of the rubber hose plays a part in preventing clogging. as it tends to prevent caking or like accumulation of material upon the inner walls.

Where powdered material is at an elevated temperature it is appreciably cooled in transit through hose 2I and during filling of a container. Such cooling occurs because of expansion of air associated with the powder and because of some evaporation oi moisture which may occur at the reduced pressures involved. Thus it is feasible to handle and package desiccated powdered mill: which has-been processed in spray drying equipment before the powder has had-an opportunity to cool, without producing too high a temperature in the container or carton. Assuming use or nitrogen gas for breaking the vacuum, the apparatus and method in such instance serves to cool the powder, to remove some additional moisture, and to replace entrapped air with a nonoxidizing gas.

One characteristic of the machine described. above is that closure of the powder control valve 22 occurs simultaneously with operation of the valve 98 to shut off the communication between the interior of the chamber and the source of vacuum. In addition closure of valve 22 after a desired weight of powder has been obtained.- occurs from full open position. Thus the degree of vacuum within the chamber is never greater than the vacuum existing at the time or powder cut-oil, and never greater than that which can be obtained while the valve 22 is in full open position. In many instances it is desirable to attain somewhat higher vacuums, thus causing more efilcient displacement of entrained oxygen with nitrogen or other inert gas. The embodiment illustrated in Figs. 9 to 13 inclusive accom plishes this result, together with more accurate measurement of powder, by throttling down the powder control valve 22 towards the end of the filling cycle. While this in itselfenables building up 01' substantially hllher vacuums within oi the powder control valve 22.

the chamber, before operation of the vacuum coiltrol valve 88, it has been found desirable to provide further means for completelyclosing the powder control valve 22 prior to operation of the valve ll. This permits a tlmelapse after the powder filling cycle during which relatively high evacuation is possible, prior to operation of valve II to break the vacuum and permit nitrogen or like inert gas to enter the main chamber.

Referring to Figs. 9 to l3 inclusive, the embodiment shown includes a pneumatic operator .l1l which is mounted upon one of the vertical frame members I12. This pneumatic operator includes a cylinder fitted with a piston urged downwardly by a weight or spring, and with a pipe connection I12 to the space above the piston. The space below the piston can be vented to the atmos- .phere. A rod I14 attached to the inner piston extends upwardly and has its upper and adapted to abut a pivotally mounted arm I16. The free end of this arm carries a roller I11 which engages the underside of a finger I18. The finger I1. is fixed to the shaft I08 whereby when arm I16 is forced upwardly by piston rod I14, shaft I0! is rocked in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 9 to turn the operating lever I45 of valve 22 towards closed position Application of suction to the operator Hi Is by way of a suction hose or tube I8I which connects with fitting I13 and which leads to one side of a small valve I82 (Fig. 10). Hose or tube In also connects this valve, to the air filter 83, through the hand throttling valve I84.

The valve plug or like operating member of valve I82 has an operating a I", which is connected by link I81 to the operating arm l4! The porting of valve I82 is such that arm I 88 has two limiting operating positions corresponding respectively to full open and closed positions of the powder valve operating arm I45.= For the position shown in Fig. 10, corresponding to full open position of arm I48, tubes |8I and I83 are in communication to apply suction to the operator I1I. However when arm I" is turned clockwise to its-other limiting position, communication between tubes III and I is interrupted, and tube I8I is placed in communication with the adjustable venting cock "8.. By the adjustment of this cock one can control the rate with which piston rod-114 returns to its lowermost initial position.

Referring to Fig. 11 an additional supplemental solenoid. l9l is provided for operating the valve '8'. The operating member I92 of this solenoid is connected to one arm or an L crank I93, thev other arm of which connects: through link 92a to the operating arm of valve 86 (Fig. 12). :L crank I" is loosely mounted upon shaft I06.

Fig. 13 shows suitable electrical connections for the supplemental solenoid ISI. One side of .the solenoid is shown directly connected to one of the current supply lines Ll, while the other side is connected in series with the switches I" and "'17.. Switch "6b is simply an additional setof contacts for the vacuum operated switch I. the contact Ifla of which controls the solenoid 2. Switch It! is. arranged to be operated by the positioning of the piston rod I14. Thus as indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 9 this ,switch can be mounted adjacent the pistonrod,

1 Thus solenoid Isl is energized after the piston rod I14 has returned to its initial lowermost position, which occurs after a predetermined interval following complete closure of the powder control valve 22. I

Operation of the embodiment described above with reference to Figs. 9 to 13 inclusive, can be reviewed as follows: A filling operation is commenced the same as for the machine of Figs. 1 to 8 inclusive. However when the powder control valve 22 is open, valve I82 is likewise operated to apply suction to the pneumatic operator III. to move upwardly at a predetermined speed determined by the setting of valve I88, whereby toward the end of the filling cycle arm I18 is raised to rock the shaft I88 and thus move the arm I45 to partially close 01! valve 22. Thus by the time the end of the powder filling cycle is reached, the rate of powder ilow has been greatly reduced and correspondingly it is possible for the vacuum pump attached to the vacuum chamber to pull a relatively high vacuum. In addition the reduced fiow of powder into the package being filled makes possible a more accurate weighing operatiom When the desired weight of powder in the carton has been reached, the powder closing solenoid III is operated in the same maxmer as previously described, to completely close the valve 22. This likewise causes closing of valve I82, with venting of tube I to the atmosphere through the venting valve I88. Piston rod I14 immediately starts downwardly at a predetermined rate of speed, depending upon the setting of venting valve I88. After a predetermined interval it reaches its lowermost position to close switch I85, to actuate solenoid IN, and thus operate valve 86 to interrupt further application of suction, and to introduce an inert gas-like nitrogen, as previously described. During the interval required for piston ill to reach its lowermost position there is an opportunity for further evacuation of the chamber, thus permitting attainment of a relatively high vacuum before operation of valve 98. As previously stated this makes far more complete replacement of entrained oxygen of the powder, with inert gas.

Should one desire to omit the special operating features of Figs. 9 to 13 inclusive, it is only necessary to close the valve I84, thus making the pneumatic operator I'll inoperative.

We claim:

1. In apparatus for filling containers with powder, a chamber adapted to receive a container to be filled, a filling pipe communicating through the upper end of the chamber and adapted to deliver a stream of powder to the container, elevating means serving to lift the container while within the chamber, means for connecting the interior of the chamber to a source of vacuum, means forming a seating surface extending about the delivery end of the filling pipe and against which the upper end of the container is adapted to seat when the container is lifted by the elevating means, a pipe communicating with the chamber at a point between the discharge end of the filling pipe and said seating surface, whereby when the container is elevated gas from the interior of the container is exhausted through said pipe, and a filter membrane extending across the inner open end of said pipe whereby powder is prevented from entering the same.

2. In apparatus for filling containers with powder, a chamber adapted to receive a container to be filled, the chamber including a door for per- Therefore the piston rod I" commences 12 mitting removal or introduction of the container, means serving to mount the door for swinging movement between open and closed positions,

means serving to connect the interior of the chamber to a source of vacuum. valve means for controlling said last named means, means operated by the swinging of the door to closed position to effect opening of said valve means, a filling pipe communicating with the chamber and adapted to deliver a stream of powder to the container, valve means serving to control flow of powder through the filling pipe, means responsive to a predetermined degree of vacuum within the chamber for effecting opening of said last named valve means, and means responsive to introduction of a predetermined amount of owder into the container for eifecting closure of the valve means for the filling pipe, for effecting closing of the valve means controlling communication with the source of vacuum, and for venting gas into the chamber to reduce the pressure therein of the chamber and adapted to deliver a stream of powder to the container, valve means for controlling fiow of powder through the fillin pipe, and agitating means disposed between the valve means and the inner discharge end of the filling pipe, for preventing clogging of powder.

4. In apparatus for filling containers with powder, a chamber adapted to receive a container to be filled, means for evacuating the chamber, a filling pipe communicating through the upper portion of the chamber and adapted to deliver a stream of powder to the container, means for elevating the container, a door for the chamber, means mounting the door for swinging movement between closed and open positions, means conmeeting the interior of the chamber to a source of vacuum, means serving to cause operation of said elevating means to raise the container into a position to receive powder from the filling pipe when the interior of the chamber is partially evacuated, and means serving to cause said elevating means to lower the container responsive to swinging of the door to full open position.

5. In apparatus for filling containers with powder, a chamber adapted to receive a container to be filled, a filling pipe communicating with the chamber and adapted to deliver a stream of powder to the container, valve means for controlling fiow of powder through the filling pipe, means serving to connect the chamber to a source of vacuum, weighing means responsive to the amount of powder delivered to the container, means responsive to application of a predetermined degree of vacuum to the interior of the chamber for opening of said valve for a filling cycle, means for automatically causing a partial closing of said valve during the latter part of a filling cycle, and means controlled by said weighing means for causing automatic complete closure of said valve when a predetermined amount of powder has been de- 14 vacuum, weighing means responsive to the amount of powder delivered to the container,

means responsive to application of a predetersaid weighing means for causing automatic closure of said powder control valve when a predetermined amount of powder has been delivered to the container, and means for eifecting automatic operation of said vacuum control valve means at the end of a predetermined time interval following operation of the powder control valve,

7. In apparatus for filling containers with powder, a chamber adapted to receive a container to be filled, a filling pipe communicating with the chamber and adapted to deliver a stream of powder to the container, a powder control valve for controlling fiow of powder through the filling pipe, piping servingto connect the chamber to a source of vacuum, valve means in said piping serving to permit either connection of the chamber to, the source of vacuum or interruption of such connection with venting of the chamber to the atmosphere, weighing means responsive to the amount of powder delivered to the container,

means responsive to application of a predeter-- mined degree of vacuum to the interior of the chamber for opening said powder control valve, thereby commencing a powder filling cycle, means for effecting gradual closing of said powder control valve toward the end of a powder filling cycle, means controlled by said weighing means for causing automatic complete closure of said powder control valve when a predetermined amount of powder has been delivered to the container, and means for eii'ecting automatic operation of said vacuum control valve to break the vacuum within the chamber at the end of a predetermined interval following complete closure of the powder control valve.

8. In apparatus forfilling containers with powder, a chamber adapted to receive a container to be filled, a filling pipe communicating with the chamber and adapted to deliver powder to the container, a pipe serving to connect the chamber to a source of vacuum, a valve serving to control fiow of gas through the pipe, a venting pipe adapted to connect to a source of inert gas, said valve when in closed position serving to connect the chamber to said venting pipe, weighing means responsive to a predetermined quantity of powder within the container for causing automatic closure of said valve, a second valve controlling now of inert gas through said venting pipe, a movable door for the container, and

means controlled by movement of the door for controlling the second valve to cause closure of the same when the door is opened.

9. In apparatus for filling containers with pow-' der, a chamber adapted to receive a container to be'filled, a filling pipe communicating with :the chamber and adapted to deliver a stream or powder to the container, valve means for controlling flow of powder through the filling pipe, means serving to connect the chamber to a source of mined degree of vacuum to the interior of the chamber for opening said valve, motive means,

connected to the valve member for effecting closure of the same, and means responsive to the weighing of a predetermined amount of powder by the weighing means for controlling said motive means to cause application of force to the valve means to close the same, said last means being independent of vacuum in said chamber.

10. In apparatus for filling containers with powder, a chamber adapted to receive a container to be filled, a filling pipe communicating with the chamber and adapted to deliver a stream of powder to the container, a valve serving'to control fiow of powder through said pipe, a second pipe adapted to connect the chamber to a source of vacuum, a valve serving to controlfiow of gas through said second pipe, means respon sive to application of a predetermined vacuum to the interior of the chamber for eflecting automatic opening of the first named valve, weighing means responsive to the amount of powder in- .troduced into the container, common motive means connected to both the first and second valves and adapted to close the same, means responsive to the weighing of a predetermined amount of powder by the weighing means for activating said motive means to close said valves, and means serving to introduce gas into the chamber responsive to activation of said motive means.

The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

.UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 218,595 Stoner Aug. 12, 1879 320,363 Judge June 16, 1885 616,862 Richards Dec. 27, 1898 993,751 Buschman May 30, 1911 1,037,824 Fasting Sept 3, 1912 1,075,903 Dewey Oct. 14, 1913 1,089,851 McNeill Mar. 10, 1914 1,244,508 Kraner et a1. Oct. 30, 1917' 1,591,932 Young July 6, 1926 1,647,351 Hague Nov. 1, 1927 1,670,924\ Bach May 22, 1928 1,879,794 Cundall -11 Sept. 27, 1932 1,940,635 Soubier Dec. 19, 1933, 1,981,485 Westin Nov. 20, 1934 2,098,905 Westin Nov. 9, 1937 2,138,356 Ryan et al Nov. 26, 1938 2,140,811 Poole Dec. 20, 1938 2,170,469 Carter Aug. 22, 1939 2,302,693 Hoar Nov. 24, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date Germany Apr. 28, 1914 

